(Image source from: REUTERS)

The widely recognized medication for obesity and diabetes, Mounjaro, has made its debut in India, introduced by the US pharmaceutical powerhouse Eli Lilly, following the approval from India's drug regulatory body, the Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation (CDSCO). This drug targets type 2 diabetes, also known as diabetes mellitus, as well as weight management. Mounjaro is now available in a single-dose vial, functioning by stimulating two essential hormones, GIP and GLP-1, which play a role in regulating blood sugar and appetite. It is designed to be utilized alongside a balanced diet and consistent physical activity. This prescription medication is advised for:

- Individuals with obesity, defined as having a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or higher.
- Those who are overweight (BMI of 27 or more) and suffer from additional weight-related health issues.
- Adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes to assist in blood sugar regulation.

The escalating rates of obesity and type 2 diabetes in India present significant health issues. Winselow Tucker, the President of Lilly India, mentioned the company’s collaboration with the government and the healthcare sector to enhance awareness and expand treatment alternatives. "Our aim is to support individuals battling obesity and diabetes in leading healthier lives. The launch of Mounjaro reflects our dedication to providing innovative treatment options in India," he remarked. In July 2024, a committee of experts connected to the nation's primary drug regulatory authority approved Lilly's tirzepatide, which is the active component in the well-known medications Mounjaro and Zepbound. Since Mounjaro (tirzepatide) is a medication that requires a prescription, a healthcare professional customizes the treatment plan for each patient. The initial dosage of 2.5 mg will incur a monthly expense of Rs 14,000, with a single vial of 2.5 mg costing Rs 3,500, and the 5 mg injection priced at Rs 4,375.

Mounjaro has undergone evaluation in two significant international studies:

SURMOUNT-1 (focused on weight loss): This study involved 2,539 adults with obesity or excess weight. Participants who used Mounjaro alongside dietary changes and exercise experienced substantial weight loss over a period of 72 weeks. Individuals on the highest dosage (15 mg) lost an average of 21.8 kg, whereas those on the lowest dosage (5 mg) lost an average of 15.4 kg. In comparison, participants receiving a placebo lost just 3.2 kg.

SURPASS (aimed at diabetes management): In this investigation, Mounjaro was evaluated alongside other diabetes medications. The findings revealed that it effectively reduced blood sugar levels (A1C) by up to 2.4% over a span of 40 weeks.

Mounjaro is a medication prescribed to be taken once a week, designed to assist in managing blood sugar levels, insulin production, and appetite control.

Its mechanism includes:

- Enhancing the body's ability to produce insulin
- Reducing glucagon levels, a hormone that increases blood sugar
- Boosting insulin sensitivity
- Delaying the digestive process, allowing individuals to feel satiated for a longer period
- Diminishing calorie consumption and fat accumulation
- Mounjaro has already made a difference for millions across the globe in their fight against type 2 diabetes and obesity.

In India alone, there are approximately 101 million individuals living with diabetes, with nearly half struggling to maintain adequate blood sugar levels. Obesity presents a significant risk for diabetes and is associated with numerous health complications, including hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, and sleep issues. In 2023, around 100 million individuals in India faced obesity. Dr. Manish Mistry, Senior Medical Director at Eli Lilly India, underscored the need for effective interventions. He stated, “Obesity and diabetes can lead to severe health issues, necessitating robust, long-term strategies. Mounjaro provides a novel approach to addressing these challenges.” The introduction of Mounjaro in India offers patients and healthcare professionals a promising new treatment alternative.